Liquid Cooling TCO: A Vendor-Neutral Financial Model for Direct-to-Chip vs. Immersion
The era of air cooling for high-density AI is over. As operators race to support 100kW+ racks, the critical decision is no longer if they will adopt liquid cooling, but how. The two dominant technologies—Direct-to-Chip (D2C) and Single-Phase Immersion—present radically different cost structures, infrastructure requirements, and operational risks.
